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PRL-8-53 is a nootropic substituted phenethylamine that has been shown to act as a hypermnesic drug in humans; it was first synthesized by medical chemistry professor Nikolaus Hansl at Creighton University in the 1970s as part of his work on amino ethyl meta benzoic acid esters.
Usually aminomethyl groups feature tertiary amines. Often they are obtained by alkylation with Eschenmoser's salt, a source of [CH 2 =N(CH 3) 2] +. A cobalt(III) complex of aminomethyl is known in the form [Co 2 (CH 2 NH 2)](ClO4) 2. [1] Aminomethyl is the first member of a series of 1-aminoalkyl groups of the form −(CH 2 −) n NH 2. [2]
Electron-withdrawing substituents, such as -CF 3 group, give stronger acids (the pK a of acetic acid is 4.76 whereas trifluoroacetic acid, with a trifluoromethyl substituent, has a pK a of 0.23). Electron-donating substituents give weaker acids (the pK a of formic acid is 3.75 whereas acetic acid, with a methyl substituent, has a pK a of 4.76)
Pyrrolysine (symbol Pyl or O; [2] encoded by the 'amber' stop codon UAG) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins in some methanogenic archaea and bacteria; [3] [4] it is not present in humans. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated – NH +
Moreover, 3-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline blocks the sleep-promoting effect of flurazepam in rodents and – by itself – can decrease sleep in a dose-dependent manner. [16] Another derivative, methyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate, stimulates learning and memory at low doses but can promote anxiety and convulsions at high doses. [15]
N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate (JB-336, BZ) Piperidine is also commonly used in chemical degradation reactions, such as the sequencing of DNA in the cleavage of particular modified nucleotides. Piperidine is also commonly used as a base for the deprotection of Fmoc-amino acids used in solid-phase peptide synthesis.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5 ′-thioadenosine. Like other PLP dependent enzymes, it catalyzes the reaction through a quinonoid zwitterion intermediate and uses cofactor pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, the active form of vitamin B6) for stabilization. [1] [2] [3]
SR9009, also known as Stenabolic, is a research drug that was developed by professor Thomas Burris of the Scripps Research Institute as an agonist of Rev-ErbA (i.e., increases the constitutive repression of genes regulated by Rev-ErbA) [1] with a half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC 50) = 670 nM for Rev-ErbAα and IC 50 = 800 nM for Rev-ErbAβ. [2]