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Individuals with TEC have a median age of presentation of 18–26 months; however, the disorder may occur in infants younger than 6 months and in children as old as age 10 years. Because of the gradual onset of the anemia, children are often healthier than expected from their low hemoglobin levels. [citation needed]
The incidence of Diamond-Blackfan anemia is 7 cases per million live births. [9] About 40–45% of Diamond-Blackfan anemia cases are familial and have autosomal dominant inheritance; the remaining cases are either sporadic or familial and appear to have distinct inheritance patterns. [10] RPS19 currently has the most prevalent mutation.
Anemia (also spelled anaemia in British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen.This can be due to a lower than normal number of red blood cells, a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin available for oxygen transport, or abnormalities in hemoglobin that impair its function.
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia. β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced.
Only one study has estimated incidence and prevalence adults. In Denmark in 2016 the annual incidence was 1.8 per 1,000,000 person years, and the prevalence was 21.3 per 1,000,000 living persons. [4] In pre-pubertal children the incidence has been estimated to be between 0.7 and 1.2 per 1,000,000 person-years. [32] [33]
Latent iron deficiency (LID), also called iron-deficient erythropoiesis, [1] is a medical condition in which there is evidence of iron deficiency without anemia (normal hemoglobin level). [2] It is important to assess this condition because individuals with latent iron deficiency may develop iron-deficiency anemia.
In 2020, 900 million women and children had anemia, which is often caused by iron deficiency. [38] More than 3.1 billion people in the world – 42% – were unable to afford a healthy diet in 2021. More than 3.1 billion people in the world – 42% – were unable to afford a healthy diet in 2021.