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During the 20th century, L. vannamei was an important species for Mexican inshore fishermen, as well as for trawlers further offshore. [3] In the late 20th century, the wild fishery was overtaken by the development of aquaculture production; this began in 1973 in Florida using prawns captured in Panama, that were used in hatcheries for larvae production.
Technological advances have led to growing shrimp at ever higher densities, and broodstock is shipped worldwide. Virtually all farmed shrimp are of the family Penaeidae, and just two species – Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) 70% and Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn) 20% – account for roughly 90% of all farmed shrimp.
It is estimated that seed production cost was US$1.6/1000. The cost of adult shrimp can range from US$4–5/kg. [5] The Indian shrimp has a relatively lower market value than P. monodon. Average price of white shrimp is US$5.5/kg for a size range of 21/25 shrimps per kg, while for P. monodon it is US7-13/kg.
Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns [Note 1] for human consumption. Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.
Diagram of Litopenaeus setiferus. Litopenaeus setiferus (also accepted: Penaeus setiferus, [1] and known by various common names including Atlantic white shrimp, white shrimp, gray shrimp, lake shrimp, green shrimp, green-tailed shrimp, blue-tailed shrimp, rainbow shrimp, Daytona shrimp, Mayport Shrimp, common shrimp, southern shrimp, and, in Mexico, camaron blanco) is a species of prawn found ...
Penaeidae is a family of marine crustaceans in the suborder Dendrobranchiata, which are often referred to as penaeid shrimp or penaeid prawns. The Penaeidae contain many species of economic importance, such as the tiger prawn , whiteleg shrimp , Atlantic white shrimp , and Indian prawn .
southern brown shrimp P. vannamei: Litopenaeus vannamei: whiteleg shrimp, Pacific white shrimp, King prawn
Akiami paste shrimp Acetes japonicus: Wild 588,761 One of 14 species in the genus Acetes, this small, krill-like prawn is used to produce shrimp paste in South East Asia. Gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus: Wild 578,693 Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps: Wild 560,145 Black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus: Cultivated 495,074 European anchovy