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[76] [6] Mishra et al. (2022) [6] found topics of research into OER included "open textbook, open online course, open courseware, open-source software related to open education, and open social learning." The Open Education Group suggests sorting research into four categories, called COUP Framework, based on the focus of research. [77]
The conflict theory sees the purpose of education as a way to maintain social inequality and a way to preserve the power of those who dominate society. [17] Relations in society, in this view, are mainly based on exploitation, oppression, domination and subordination.
Researchers and practitioners in the field of open education have adopted generic educational theories such as social constructivism, behaviourism, and cognitivism, [11] and then generated their own theoretical foundations following the emergence of open universities [12] and the emergence of powerful and sophisticated digital technologies ...
Conflict theories are perspectives in political philosophy and sociology which argue that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than agreement, while also emphasizing social psychology, historical materialism, power dynamics, and their roles in creating power structures, social movements, and social arrangements within a society.
The Cape Town Open Education Declaration (with over 2,500 signatories) reads: "open education is not limited to just open educational resources. It also draws upon open technologies that facilitate collaborative, flexible learning and the open sharing of teaching practices that empower educators to benefit from the best ideas of their colleagues.
As an outgrowth of critical theory, critical pedagogy is intended to educate and work towards a realization of the emancipatory goals of critical pedagogy. The theory is influenced by Karl Marx who believed that inequality is a result of socioeconomic differences and that all people need to work toward a socialized economy. [3]
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Theory and Research in Education is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal that covers field of education. The editor-in-chief is Randall Curren (University of Rochester). It was established in 2003 and is published by SAGE Publications in association with The Slovene Society of Researchers in the School Field.