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The Hundred Years' War (French: Guerre de Cent Ans; 1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy of Aquitaine and was triggered by a claim to the French throne made by Edward III of England .
A French force under the duke of Bourbon and Richemont defeats an English force under Thomas Kyriell. 3,774 English deaths and 1,500 captured. Thomas Kyriel, the English general, was captured in action. 1453 Battle of Castillon: France A French army, under Jean Bureau, defeats an English army under John Talbot to end the Hundred Years' War ...
Albert Cashier (1843–1915), born Jennie Irene Hodgers, was an Irish-born individual who served three years in the Union Army during the American Civil War as a male soldier, and lived the next fifty years as a man. Maria Quitéria (1792–1853) was a heroine in the independence of Brazil, when she fought against the Portuguese troops in Bahia.
The Battle of Castillon (1453) was the final major engagement of the Hundred Years' War, but France and England remained formally at war until the Treaty of Picquigny in 1475. English , and later British , monarchs would continue to nominally claim the French throne until 1802 though they would never again seriously pursue it.
Joan of Arc (French: Jeanne d'Arc), a French historical figure executed by the English for heresy in 1431, is a national heroine of France and a Roman Catholic saint. Joan accompanied an army during the Hundred Years War, adopting the clothing of a soldier, which ultimately provided a pretense for her conviction and execution.
The siege of Paris of 1435-36 took place during the decisive Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War.The resurgent forces of Charles VII of France, having reversed the tide of the conflict, set their sights on capturing the capital, Paris, which had been controlled by forces loyal to Henry VI of England since 1420.
With England and France mired in the Hundred Years War and its aftermath and then the English Wars of the Roses through most of the 15th century, European fashion north of the Alps was dominated by the glittering court of the Duchy of Burgundy, especially under the fashion-conscious power-broker Philip the Good (ruled 1419–1469).
From the mid-14th century the French royal forces, whether voluntary or semoncées, had become institutionalized. [2] The permanence of conflicts during the Hundred Years War (1337-1453) had created career soldiers, paid by the king or nobles.