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Robert Bolesław Zajonc (/ˈzaɪ.ənts/ ZY-ənts; [1] [2] Polish: [ˈzajɔnt͡s]; November 23, 1923 – December 3, 2008) was a Polish-born American social psychologist who is known for his decades of work on a wide range of social and cognitive processes.
The rejection of Titchener's hypothesis spurred further research and the development of current theory. The scholar best known for developing the mere-exposure effect is Robert Zajonc. Before conducting his research, he observed that exposure to a novel stimulus initially elicits a fear/avoidance response in all organisms.
Robert Zajonc published two reviews in 1989 of the "facial efference theory of emotion", also known as facial feedback theory, [7] [8] which he had first introduced to the scientific literature in an article published in Science in 1985. [9]
Emotions are categorized into various affects, which correspond to the current situation. [30] An affect is the range of feeling experienced. [31] Both positive and negative emotions are needed in our daily lives. [32] Many theories of emotion have been proposed, [33] with contrasting views. [34]
One of his influential theories is the "Emotion Attribution Theory", which provides a perspective on how people recognize and understand emotions in themselves and others. Emotion Attribution Theory, proposed by Jesse Prinz, focuses on the role of emotion attributions in the experience and understanding of emotions.
In social psychology, drive theory was used by Robert Zajonc in 1965 as an explanation of the phenomenon of social facilitation. [12] The audience effect notes that, in some cases, the presence of a passive audience will facilitate the better performance of a task, while in other cases the presence of an audience will inhibit the performance of ...
"Affect" can mean an instinctual reaction to stimulation that occurs before the typical cognitive processes considered necessary for the formation of a more complex emotion. Robert B. Zajonc asserts this reaction to stimuli is primary for human beings and that it is the dominant reaction for non-human organisms. Zajonc suggests that affective ...
In 1965, Robert Zajonc developed the stern activation theory, by proposing his generalized drive hypothesis for social facilitation. Zajonc's generalized drive hypothesis was the first theory that addressed why the presence of others increased performance sometimes yet decreased it at other times.