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Celiac disease affects ~1% of the population in most parts of the world. [3] Ninety to one hundred percent of patients with coeliac disease have inherited genes at the HLA-DQ locus that encode HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 serotype proteins. [12] About 2–3% of individuals who inherit these HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 serotypes develop coeliac disease. [10]
Gee acknowledged earlier descriptions and terms for the disease and adopted the same term as Aretaeus (coeliac disease). He perceptively stated: "If the patient can be cured at all, it must be by means of diet." Gee recognised that milk intolerance is a problem with coeliac children and that highly starched foods should be avoided.
Unlike celiac disease-associated EATL, the lesions usually have little evidence of inflammatory cells (particularly lymphoplasmacytoid cells, i.e. cells showing a mixture of B cell and plasma cell morphological features) or of infiltration of the epithelium lining by the types of lymphocytes seen in celiac disease. [2]
Autoimmune conditions related to gluten include celiac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, and gluten ataxia.There is research showing that in people with gluten ataxia early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet can improve ataxia and prevent its progression. [9]
The side effects of chemotherapy can result in immediate and long-term treatment-related comorbidities. [48] For children undergoing treatment for high-risk cancer, more than 80% experience life-threatening or fatal toxicity as a result of their treatment. [49]
The prevalence of undiagnosed celiac disease has increased fourfold during the past half-century, [3] with most cases remaining unrecognized, undiagnosed and untreated, leaving celiac patients with the risk of long-term complications. [39] [46] Some people with NCGS may indeed have celiac disease. [13]
Coeliac disease or celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small bowel that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals in all age groups after early infancy. Symptoms may include diarrhoea , failure to thrive (in children) and fatigue , but these may be absent and associated symptoms in all other organ systems have been described.
It is an extremely rare condition, affecting as few as 1 in 10,000,000 people per year. It affects 2 to 3% of children with neuroblastoma and has been reported to occur with celiac disease and diseases of neurologic and autonomic dysfunction. [2] [3]