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Eventually, the Philippine legal system emerged in such a way that while the practice of codification remained popular, the courts were not barred from invoking principles developed under the common law, [1] or from employing methods of statutory construction in order to arrive at an interpretation of the codal provisions that would be binding ...
The judiciary of the Philippines consists of the Supreme Court, which is established in the Constitution, and three levels of lower courts, which are established through law by the Congress of the Philippines. The Supreme Court has expansive powers, able to overrule political and administrative decisions, and with the ability to craft rules and ...
In the criminal court, individual magistrates have equal sentencing powers to district judges and deliver verdicts on both “summary” and “either way” offences that carry up to twelve months in prison, or an unlimited fine. [5] Defendants may hire a solicitor or barrister to represent them, often paid for by legal aid.
Judicial power, as contradistinguished from the power of the laws, has no existence. Courts are the mere instruments of the law, and can will nothing. When they are said to exercise a discretion, it is a mere legal discretion, a discretion to be exercised in discerning the course prescribed by law; and, when that is discerned, it is the duty of ...
A magistrates' court may set aside and vary decisions of its own court, in relation both to sentence and conviction. In relation to conviction, a magistrates' court may order a rehearing of a case against a person convicted by that magistrates' court. [1] The court may exercise the power when it appears to be in the interests of justice to do ...
In the past, magistrates have been responsible for granting licences to sell alcohol; [9] this function is now exercised by local councils, although there is a right of appeal to the magistrates' court. Magistrates are also responsible for granting orders such as search warrants to the police and other authorities.
As of 2025, Archbold Magistrates is in its 21st edition. A further work, Archbold: International Criminal Courts covers the practice, procedure and rules of evidence applicable to international criminal tribunals, including the International Criminal Court. [4] The fifth and most recent edition of this work was published in 2018.
A justices' clerk had the powers of a single magistrate, for example to issue a summons, adjourn proceedings, extend bail, issue a warrant for failing to surrender to bail where there is no objection on behalf of the accused, dismiss an information where no evidence is offered, request a pre-sentence report, commit a defendant for trial without consideration of the evidence and give directions ...