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All forts built by the federal government were designed and constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers; however, some forts were built entirely with state or local resources. Until 1901 federal forts were garrisoned by various artillery units; following the Civil War most units at the forts were designated as heavy artillery batteries. [4]
Coastal artillery is the branch of the armed forces concerned with operating anti-ship artillery or fixed gun batteries in coastal fortifications. [1] In modern times, coastal artillery has generally been replaced with anti-ship missiles , such as the Ukrainian R-360 Neptune .
In 1901 the Artillery Corps was divided into field artillery and coast artillery units, and in 1907 the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps was created to operate these defences. [16] The development of military aviation rendered these open topped emplacements vulnerable to air attack. Therefore, the next, and last, generation of coastal ...
When the United States gained independence in 1783, the seacoast defense fortifications were in poor condition. Concerned by the outbreak of war in Europe in 1793, the Congress created a combined unit of "Artillerists and Engineers" to design, build, and garrison forts in 1794, appointed a committee to study coast defense needs, and appropriated money to construct a number of fortifications ...
12-inch coast defense mortar United States: 1895 - 1945 305: 12-inch gun M1895 United States: 1895 - 1945 305: 30.5 cm SK L/50 gun Nazi Germany: 1909 - 1945 340: 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun France: World War II: 343: BL 13.5 inch naval gun Mk III disappearing gun United Kingdom: World War I - World War II 343: BL 13.5-inch Mk V railway gun United ...
List of coastal fortifications of the United States; List of United States War Department Forms - Lists US Army ordnance publications circa 1895–1920, links online versions, including many coast artillery weapons; Coastal defence and fortification; United States home front during World War I; Attacks on North America during World War II
F. Fårösund; Fårösund Fortress; Foça Castle; Folly fort; Fort Amherst, St. John's; Fort Antoine Theatre; Fort Ballance; Fort Charlotte, Mobile; Fort Hamilton
In 1907, the Coast Artillery Corps was created from the heavy artillery units which previously manned the forts. This vastly increased garrisons and catalyzed the installation of electrical plants at various forts. Other technological improvements at all forts included meteorological stations and telephone communications. All of this served as ...