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Burn patients and others affected by severe wounds often report pain as the dominant negative impact of the wounds on their lives. [25] Clinical management of the pain associated with chronic wounds has been an emergency wound treatment priority and is now viewed as an integral part of treatment.
As burn wounds are prone to infection, a tetanus booster shot should be given if an individual has not been immunized within the last five years. [57] In the United States, 95% of burns that present to the emergency department are treated and discharged; 5% require hospital admission. [25] With major burns, early feeding is important. [51]
A burn center needs a team approach for the management of critically burnt patients. Usually, the burns management team consists of a plastic surgeon, intensivist, chest physician, general surgeon, Anesthesiologist, Respiratory Therapist, pediatrician, nurses and technicians, microbiologist, psychiatrist, nutritionist, physiotherapist, and social worker.
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
The Lund and Browder chart is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected. It was created by Dr. Charles Lund, Senior Surgeon at Boston City Hospital, and Dr. Newton Browder, based on their experiences in treating over 300 burn victims injured at the Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston in 1942.
The Wallace rule of nines is a tool used in pre-hospital and emergency medicine to estimate the total body surface area (BSA) affected by a burn.In addition to determining burn severity, the measurement of burn surface area is important for estimating patients' fluid requirements and determining hospital admission criteria.
The American Burn Association (ABA) is a member-based organization of professionals dedicated to burn injury treatment, research, education, and prevention. [1] The 2,000+ members of the ABA span multiple disciplines that specialize in burns, including physicians, surgeons, nurses, physical and occupational therapists, firefighters, social workers, researchers, and hospitals with burn centers. [1]
Wounds are normally described in a variety of ways. Descriptions may include wound size (length) and thickness; plainly visible wound characteristics such as shape and open or closed; and origin, acute or chronic. [3] The most common descriptors of wounds are these: Incision: Straight edges to the wound margins, as if sliced with a knife.