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Anubis is often depicted wearing a ribbon and holding a nḫ3ḫ3 "flail" in the crook of his arm. [43] Another of Anubis's attributes was the jmy-wt or imiut fetish, named for his role in embalming. [45] In funerary contexts, Anubis is shown either attending to a deceased person's mummy or sitting atop a tomb protecting it.
Priests of Anubis, the guide of the dead and the god of tombs and embalming, perform the opening of the mouth ritual.Extract from the Papyrus of Hunefer, a 19th-Dynasty Book of the Dead (c.1300 BCE) Peseshkef blade dedicated by King Senwosret to Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II MET DP311785
Like many ancient Egyptian deities, Anubis assumed different roles in various contexts. Depicted as a protector of graves as early as the First Dynasty (c. 3100 – c. 2890 BC), Anubis was also an embalmer. By the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055–1650 BC) he was replaced by Osiris in his role as lord of the underworld.
After embalming, the mourners may have carried out a ritual involving an enactment of judgment during the Hour Vigil, with volunteers to play the role of Osiris and his enemy brother Set, as well as the deities Isis, Nephthys, Horus, Anubis, and Thoth. [22]
Anubis – The god of funerals, embalming and protector of the dead [8] Aten – Sun disk deity who became the focus of the monolatrous or monotheistic Atenist belief system in the reign of Akhenaten, was also the literal Sun disk [9] Atum – A creator god and solar deity, first god of the Ennead [10]
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The Ritual of Embalming Papyrus or Papyrus of the Embalming Ritual is one of only two extant papyri which detail anything at all about the practices of mummification used within the burial practices of Ancient Egyptian culture. One version of the papyri is held in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo (Pap. Boulaq No.3) and the other is in the Louvre (No ...
Kebechet is a daughter of Anubis. [3] In the Pyramid Texts, Kebechet is referred to as a serpent who "refreshes and purifies" the pharaoh. [4]Kebechet was thought to give water to the spirits of the dead while they waited for the mummification process to be complete.