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Stephenson's Rocket is an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement. It was built for and won the Rainhill Trials of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR), held in October 1829 to show that improved locomotives would be more efficient than stationary steam engines .
Stephenson's Rocket, the first 0-2-2 locomotive.This is the condition after rebuilding, with the cylinders lowered from their original position. An 0-2-2, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, is one that has two coupled driving wheels followed by two trailing wheels, with no leading wheels.
Stephenson valve gear is a convenient arrangement for any engine that needs to reverse and was widely applied to railway locomotives, traction engines, steam car engines and to stationary engines that needed to reverse, such as rolling-mill engines. It was used on the overwhelming majority of marine engines.
Later conjectural drawing of the Rainhill trials. In the foreground is Rocket and in the background are Sans Pareil (right) and Novelty.. The Rainhill trials were a competition run from the 6 to 14 October 1829, to test George Stephenson's argument that locomotives would have the best motive power for the then nearly-completed Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR). [1]
The next stage, for example Stephenson's Rocket, was to drive the wheels directly from steeply inclined cylinders placed at the back of the locomotive. Direct drive became the standard arrangement, but the cylinders were moved to the front and placed either horizontal or nearly horizontal.
Diagram and lot no. Built Location Object Number Image Grand Junction Railway: 282693 1838 Travelling Post Office replica Wolverton (LMS) 1938 Shildon [190] [191] 1975-7043/1 West Coast Joint Stock (LNWR) 186 TPO: Wolverton: Dia No. 87 1883 York [192] 1975–7042 GNR: 948 Six-wheel full brake Doncaster: 1887 York [193] 1975–7044 ECJS: 82 ...
Stephenson’s Locomotion used slip-eccentrics [4] although these were soon considered impractical, owing to the lack of access to the crank axles acting as both carrying axle and crankshaft. A somewhat contrived method used for the replica Locomotion is to display it on a track with raised ends, so that the locomotive can be allowed to roll ...
1829 – Rainhill Trials to find best self-propelled engine for Liverpool Manchester line are won by Robert Stephenson's Rocket proving there is no need for horse traction or static engines on the main line. [21] Rocket becomes basic formula for all future steam engines with boiler tubes, blast pipe, and the use of coal rather than coke.