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For example, ionization of any compound will increase the solubility in water, but decrease the lipophilicity. This is exploited in drug development to increase the concentration of a compound in the blood by adjusting the p K a of an ionizable group.
At the very high temperature of 3,000 °C (3,270 K; 5,430 °F) more than half of the water molecules are decomposed. At ambient temperatures only one molecule in 100 trillion dissociates by the effect of heat. [15] The high temperature requirements and material constraints have limited the applications of the thermal decomposition approach.
In Widmark's model, the elimination rate from the blood, β, contributes 60% of the uncertainty. [92] Similarly to ρ , its value depends on the units used for blood. [ 93 ] β varies 58% by occasion and 42% between subjects; it is thus difficult to determine β precisely, and more practical to use a mean and a range of values.
Usually hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule of water is added to a substance. Sometimes this addition causes both the substance and water molecule to split into two parts. In such reactions, one fragment of the target molecule (or parent molecule) gains a hydrogen ion. It breaks a chemical bond in the compound.
In glycolysis, a six-carbon glucose molecule is split into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvate. These carbon molecules are oxidized into NADH and ATP. For the glucose molecule to oxidize into pyruvate, an input of ATP molecules is required. This is known as the investment phase, in which a total of two ATP molecules are consumed.
Chemical decomposition, or chemical breakdown, is the process or effect of simplifying a single chemical entity (normal molecule, reaction intermediate, etc.) into two or more fragments. [1] Chemical decomposition is usually regarded and defined as the exact opposite of chemical synthesis. In short, the chemical reaction in which two or more ...
Decomposition or rot is the process by which dead organic substances are broken down into simpler organic or inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and mineral salts. The process is a part of the nutrient cycle and is essential for recycling the finite matter that occupies physical space in the biosphere .
[9] [10] [11] A liter of blood can dissolve 200 cc of oxygen gas, which is much more than water can dissolve. [9] After being carried in blood to a body tissue in need of oxygen, O 2 is handed off from the heme group to monooxygenase, an enzyme that also has an active site with an atom of iron. [9]