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A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. [1] Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
The pathway communicates information from chemical signals outside of a cell to the cell nucleus, resulting in the activation of genes through the process of transcription. There are three key parts of JAK-STAT signalling: Janus kinases (JAKs), signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (STATs), and receptors (which bind the ...
The activator bound coactivator recruits RNA polymerase and other transcription machinery that then begins transcribing the target gene. A coactivator is a type of transcriptional coregulator that binds to an activator (a transcription factor ) to increase the rate of transcription of a gene or set of genes. [ 1 ]
In contrast to RNAi, promoter-targeted saRNAs induce prolonged activation of gene expression associated with epigenetic changes. [15] It is currently suggested that saRNAs are first loaded and processed by an Ago protein to form an Ago-RNA complex which is then guided by the RNA to its promoter target.
The dCas9 activation system allows a desired gene or multiple genes in the same cell to be expressed. It is possible to study genes involved in a certain process using a genome wide screen that involves activating expression of genes. Examining which sgRNAs yield a phenotype suggests which genes are involved in a specific pathway.
Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, growth factors, stress, and bacterial and viral infections. [1] AP-1 controls a number of cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. [2]
Regulation of gene expression, or gene regulation, [1] includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA). Sophisticated programs of gene expression are widely observed in biology, for example to trigger developmental pathways, respond to environmental ...
Activator may refer to: Activator (genetics), a DNA-binding protein that regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription; Activator (phosphor), a type of dopant used in phosphors and scintillators; Enzyme activator, a type of effector that increases the rate of enzyme mediated reactions