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2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) or dinitro is an organic compound with the formula C 7 H 6 N 2 O 4. This pale yellow crystalline solid is well known as a precursor to trinitrotoluene (TNT) but is mainly produced as a precursor to toluene diisocyanate .
Many women worked with trinitrotoluene (TNT). Prolonged exposure to the nitric acid used in the process turned worker's skin yellow, prompting the popular name canary girls . Exposure to chemicals was also a serious health risk for the munitionettes.
2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid (TNBA) is an organic compound with the formula (O 2 N) 3 C 6 H 2 CO 2 H. It is a high explosive nitrated derivative of benzoic acid . Preparation and reactions
Germany began filling artillery shells with trinitrotoluene (TNT) in 1902. Toluene was less readily available than phenol, and TNT is less powerful than picric acid, but the improved safety of munitions manufacturing and storage caused the replacement of picric acid by TNT for most military purposes between the World Wars. [15]
2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP or simply DNP) is an organic compound with the formula HOC 6 H 3 (NO 2) 2. It has been used in explosives manufacturing and as a pesticide and herbicide. In humans, DNP causes dose-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling , causing the rapid loss of ATP as heat and leading to uncontrolled hyperthermia —up to 44 °C (111 ...
RDX (abbreviation of "Research Department eXplosive" or Royal Demolition eXplosive) or hexogen, [4] among other names, is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2 N 2 O 2) 3.It is white, odorless, and tasteless, widely used as an explosive. [5]
TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion.The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie), [1] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT.
Using 3-nitrotriazol-5-one (NTO), or 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) (available in two particle sizes (5 μm, 40 μm)), as a substitute for RDX, is also able to improve stability to thermal, shock, and impact/friction stimulus; however, TATB is not cost-effective, and NTO is more difficult to use in the manufacturing process. [11]