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Coastal defence (or defense) and coastal fortification are measures taken to provide protection against military attack at or near a coastline (or other shoreline), [1] for example, fortifications and coastal artillery.
After the Fall of France in 1940, the Army's Harbor Defense Board met to consider the future of coast defenses. The board decided to replace the turn-of-the-century defenses with new casemated 16-inch gun batteries with two guns each, typically one or two batteries per harbor defense command; most previous 16-inch batteries were also to be ...
Also known as the Black Bulwark, the bulwark comprised an earthwork defence, forming part of a chain of defences between Sandown and Walmer Castle, linked by a trench or a covered way. It was designed by Stephen Haschenperg. By 1547, the bulwark was defaced and the guns had been removed; it was formally removed from service in 1550.
When the United States gained independence in 1783, the seacoast defense fortifications were in poor condition. Concerned by the outbreak of war in Europe in 1793, the Congress created a combined unit of "Artillerists and Engineers" to design, build, and garrison forts in 1794, appointed a committee to study coast defense needs, and appropriated money to construct a number of fortifications ...
Coastal defence (Commonwealth) or Coastal defense (US) may refer to: Coastal management , the protection of the coast from the action of wind, wave and tide Coastal defence and fortification , the protection of the coast against military or naval attack
In a Friday meeting, the Army Corps told the county there wasn’t enough time or money to pursue another idea floated this year, moving that wall of defense from Miami-Dade’s coast to the outer ...
Coastal defence weapons throughout history were heavy naval guns or weapons based on them, often supplemented by lighter weapons. In the late 19th century separate batteries of coastal artillery replaced forts in some countries; in some areas, these became widely separated geographically through the mid-20th century as weapon ranges increased.
Strengthening coastal defences. ... On the tenders for the coastal protection studies, PUB last month said, "Examples of potential measures include sea walls, earthen bunds, empoldering and nature ...