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When estrogen dips in the body, it can cause thinning, dry and itchy vaginal tissue that tears easily. These changes make sex hurt. “One of the big reasons that women stop being sexually active ...
Changes in sexual health: Lower estrogen levels can lead to low libido, more trouble achieving orgasm and vaginal dryness, which can cause burning and pain during sex, Tang says. Many women find ...
Estrogen deficiency is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, [1] and has been linked to diseases like urinary tract infections [2] and osteoporosis. In women, low levels of estrogen may cause symptoms such as hot flashes, sleeping disturbances, decreased bone health, [3] and changes in the genitourinary system.
“If low libido is due to pain during intercourse caused by vaginal dryness,” she says, “that should be addressed first ([via] treatment with vaginal estrogen therapy if perimenopausal or ...
[49] [28] High dosages of testosterone but not low dosages of testosterone enhance the effects of low dosages of estrogens on sexual desire. [49] [28] Tibolone, a combined estrogen, progestin, and androgen, may increase sex drive to a greater extent than standard estrogen–progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women. [65] [66] [67] [68]
Hypogonadism means diminished functional activity of the gonads—the testicles or the ovaries—that may result in diminished production of sex hormones.Low androgen (e.g., testosterone) levels are referred to as hypoandrogenism and low estrogen (e.g., estradiol) as hypoestrogenism.
“Testosterone doesn’t drop off like estrogen does—it goes down a linear decline,” says Casperson. “Women in their mid-40s and 50s have half the testosterone that we had in our 20s.”
Estrogen also has protective effects against osteopenia/osteoporosis as well as cardiovascular health and urogenital atrophy later in life. [39] Progesterone therapy is added after 12 months of estrogen or after menstruation has begun, whichever comes first, which decreases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and subsequent cancer. [40]