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A 64-slice CT with reconstructions does not entirely rule out ligamentous injury leading to instability, but is a practical means of identifying the majority of C-spine injuries in obtunded patients. MR C-spine has frequent false-positives, limiting its usefulness. [citation needed] In these cases, a consultation with a Spine Surgery specialist ...
In patients younger than 12, wrist fractures cause specific alterations at the surface of the bone (bulge, angulation, offset or fracture gap), and through diagnosis and treatment can be identified without X-ray imaging. [14] Intra-articular fractures are rare and require X-ray imaging. The standard procedure is the wrist SAFE algorithm. [15]
When an exposure is made, X-ray radiation exits the tube as what is known as the primary beam. When the primary beam passes through the body, some of the radiation is absorbed in a process known as attenuation. Anatomy that is denser has a higher rate of attenuation than anatomy that is less dense, so bone will absorb more X-rays than soft tissue.
Awareness of normal anatomic features is crucial for the interpreter to be able to detect subtle signs of fracture. Fat pads should be carefully examined for convexity, which implies joint effusion (e.g., in the hip and elbow). However, the radiographic technique (positioning in particular) must be optimal for this evaluation to be valid.
Orthospinology Procedure is a method of analyzing and correcting the chiropractic upper cervical subluxation complex based on vertebral alignment measurements on neck X-rays taken from three different directions. The adjustment can be delivered by hand, hand-held, or table-mounted instruments along a pre-calculated vector using approximately 1 ...
Myelography is a type of radiographic examination that uses a contrast medium (e.g. iodised oil [1]) to detect pathology of the spinal cord, including the location of a spinal cord injury, cysts, and tumors. Historically the procedure involved the injection of a radiocontrast agent into the cervical or lumbar spine, followed by several X-ray ...
Numerous pinning techniques have been proposed, however there is not enough evidence to determine which is more effective. [1] Pinning involves the manipulation, with X-ray guidance, of the fracture into an acceptable position, and the immediate insertion of metal pins, called Kirschner wires, through the skin, into one bone fragment and across the fracture line into the other bone fragment.
Position of C7 shown in red. The vertebra prominens , or C7, has a distinctive long and prominent spinous process, which is palpable from the skin surface. Sometimes, the seventh cervical vertebra is associated with an abnormal extra rib, known as a cervical rib , which develops from the anterior root of the transverse process.