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Antennas of 1931 experimental 1.7 GHz microwave relay link across the English Channel. The receiving antenna (background, right) was located behind the transmitting antenna to avoid interference. US Army Signal Corps portable microwave relay station, 1945. Microwave relay systems were first developed in World War II for secure military ...
TD-2 was a microwave relay system developed by Bell Labs and used by AT&T to build a cross-country network of repeaters for telephone and television transmission. The same system was also used to build the Canadian Trans-Canada Skyway system by Bell Canada , and later, many other companies in many countries to build similar networks for both ...
The British Army's Wireless Set, Number 10, was the world's first multi-channel microwave relay telephone system. [1] It transmitted eight full-duplex (two-way) telephone channels between two stations limited only by the line-of-sight, often on the order of 25 to 50 miles (40 to 80 km).
The second segment of White Alice was a pair of TD-2 microwave radio links that supported the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) at Clear Air Force Station. This section provided two routes from Alaska to NORAD in Colorado, for this reason it was also known as the Rearward Communications System . [ 3 ]
Microwave technology advanced during World War 2 due to the development of radar, and toward the end of the war the US Army began using microwave communication systems in the European theater. These military systems were some of the first practical microwave relay systems and presaged development of the great transcontinental commercial ...
The system was first proposed in 1952 to send information along the isolated Pinetree Line stations on the Labrador coast. This led to an initial proposal to use a microwave relay system, a relatively new technology at the time. The network would require 50 relays, many of them in the wilderness.
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The first complete system was installed between New York and Chicago and opened on September 1, 1950. Given the cold war period in which the microwave relay system was designed, the AT&T Long Lines network was engineered to survive a nuclear attack.