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These reactions proceed via the intermediacy of amides. The intramolecular reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amide is far faster than the intermolecular reaction, which is rarely observed. They may also be produced via the oxidation of amides, particularly when starting from lactams. [6] R(CO)NHCH 2 R' + 2 [O] → R(CO)N(CO)R' + H 2 O
Reaction of arene with isocyanate catalysed by aluminium trichloride, formation of aromatic amide. Ritter reaction [28] Alkenes, alcohols, or other carbonium ion sources Secondary amides via an addition reaction between a nitrile and a carbonium ion in the presence of concentrated acids. Photolytic addition of formamide to olefins [29] Terminal ...
Heating magnesium amide to about 400 °C yields magnesium imide with the loss of ammonia. Magnesium imide itself decomposes if heated between 455 and 490 °C. [6] Beryllium imide forms from beryllium amide when heated to 230 °C in a vacuum. [7] When strontium metal is heated with ammonia at 750 °C, the dark yellow strontium imide forms. [8]
Chemical structure of Kapton, a polyimide. Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer containing imide groups belonging to the class of high-performance plastics.With their high heat-resistance, polyimides enjoy diverse applications in roles demanding rugged organic materials, such as high temperature fuel cells, displays, and various military roles.
The formation of an amide using a carbodiimide is a common reaction, but carries the risk of several side reactions. The acid 1 will react with the carbodiimide to produce the key intermediate: the O-acylisourea 2, which can be viewed as a carboxylic ester with an activated leaving group.
Reaction of the nitrile with alcohol in the presence of acid gives an iminoether. Treatment of the resulting compound with ammonia then completes the conversion to the amidine. [1] Instead of using a Bronsted acid, Lewis acids such as aluminium trichloride promote the direct amination of nitriles, [2] or, in certain exceptional cases, of amides ...
The Einhorn–Brunner reaction is the designation for the chemical reaction of imides with alkyl hydrazines to form an isomeric mixture of 1,2,4-triazoles. It was initially described by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn in a paper, published in 1905, describing N-methylol compounds of amides . [ 1 ]
amide – imidic acid: H−N−C=O ⇌ N=C−O−H (e.g., the latter is encountered during nitrile hydrolysis reactions) lactam – lactim , a cyclic form of amide-imidic acid tautomerism in 2-pyridone and derived structures such as the nucleobases guanine , thymine , and cytosine [ 5 ]