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Foucault explores theory, criticism, and psychology with reference to the texts of Raymond Roussel, one of the first notable experimental writers. Foucault also gave a lecture responding to Roland Barthes' famous essay "The Death of the Author" titled "What Is an Author?" in 1969, later published in full. [192]
Thinkers such as structural Marxist Louis Althusser and poststructuralist Michel Foucault [1] theorize the subject as a social construction, the so-called "poststructuralist subject". [12] [additional citation(s) needed] According to Althusser, the "subject" is an ideological construction (more exactly, constructed by the "Ideological State ...
The Hermeneutics of the Subject is a lecture course originally given by the French philosopher and historian Michel Foucault at the Collège de France in the years 1981–1982. The course details Foucault's elaboration of such concepts as "practices of the self" and the " care of the self ", as manifested in what Foucault refers to as their ...
Foucault's introduction to the epistemic origins of the human sciences is a forensic analysis of the painting Las Meninas (The Ladies-in-waiting, 1656), by Diego Velázquez, as an objet d'art. [6] For the detailed descriptions, Foucault uses language that is "neither prescribed by, nor filtered through the various texts of art-historical ...
Daniel Defert was born on 10 September 1937. He graduated from the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud.He earned the agrégation in philosophy. [1] Defert met Foucault while he was a philosophy student at the University of Clermont-Ferrand in France and their relationship lasted from 1963 until Foucault's death in 1984.
The 1980 lectures attempt to relate the historical foundations of "our obedience"—which must be understood as the obedience of the Western subject. Foucault argues confessional techniques are an innovation of the Christian West intended to guarantee men's obedience to structures of power in return, so the belief goes, for Christian salvation.
Foucault sees power as the means for constituting individuals’ identities and determining the limits of their autonomy. This reflects the symbiotic relationship between power (pouvoir) and knowledge (savoir). In his study of prisons and hospitals, he observed how the modern individual becomes both an object and subject of knowledge.
Foucault presents the hypothesis that, in every society, the production of discourses is controlled with the aim of: 1. exorcising its powers and dangers; 2. reducing the force of uncontrollable events; 3. hide the real forces that materialize the social constitution. To this end, he theorizes that external or internal procedures are used. [9]