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  2. Belief - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief

    A Venn diagram illustrating the traditional definition of ... Justified true belief is a definition of ... Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "The Aim of Belief ...

  3. Traditionalism (perennialism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalism_(perennialism)

    Harry Oldmeadow, Traditionalism: Religion in the Light of the Perennial Philosophy (2000) ISBN 955-9028-04-9; Carl W. Ernst, "Traditionalism, the Perennial Philosophy and Islamic Studies" in the MESA Bulletin (1994). René Guénon. Xavier Accart, René Guénon ou Le renversement des clartés Paris, Milano: Arché, 2005 (ISBN 978-2-912770-03-5).

  4. Tradition (Perennialism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradition_(Perennialism)

    He associated tradition with "civilization," but he did not include the modern civilization in his definition. He also emphasized the contrasts between two types of traditions: religious and metaphysical. Religion requires the involvement of an element taken from the sentimental order, whereas the metaphysical point of view is solely intellectual.

  5. Perennial philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perennial_philosophy

    The perennial philosophy (Latin: philosophia perennis), [note 1] also referred to as perennialism and perennial wisdom, is a school of thought in philosophy and spirituality that posits that the recurrence of common themes across world religions illuminates universal truths about the nature of reality, humanity, ethics, and consciousness.

  6. Tradition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradition

    Traditions, an 1895 bronze tympanum by Olin Levi Warner over the main entrance of the Thomas Jefferson Building at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C.. A tradition is a system of beliefs or behaviors (folk custom) passed down within a group of people or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past.

  7. Gettier problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettier_problem

    The Gettier problem, in the field of epistemology, is a landmark philosophical problem concerning the understanding of descriptive knowledge.Attributed to American philosopher Edmund Gettier, Gettier-type counterexamples (called "Gettier-cases") challenge the long-held justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge.

  8. Foundationalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundationalism

    Foundationalism holds basic beliefs exist, which are justified without reference to other beliefs, and that nonbasic beliefs must ultimately be justified by basic beliefs. Classical foundationalism maintains that basic beliefs must be infallible if they are to justify nonbasic beliefs, and that only deductive reasoning can be used to transfer ...

  9. School of thought - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_of_thought

    A school of thought, or intellectual tradition, is the perspective of a group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy, [1] discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement. [2]