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Etruria (/ ɪ ˈ t r ʊər i ə / ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, [1] an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria.
The Kingdom of Etruria (/ ɪ ˈ t r ʊər i ə / ih-TROOR-ee-ə; Italian: Regno di Etruria) was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany. It took its name from Etruria , the old Roman name for the land of the Etruscans .
Etruria's influence over the cities of Latium and Campania weakened, and the area was taken over by Romans and Samnites. In the 4th century BC, Etruria saw a Gallic invasion end its influence over the Po Valley and the Adriatic coast. Meanwhile, Rome had started annexing Etruscan cities. This led to the loss of the northern Etruscan provinces.
Etruria saw itself relegated to the northern Tyrrhenian Sea. From the first half of the 5th century BC, Campanian Etruria lost its Etruscan character, and the new international political situation meant the beginning of the Etruscan decline. In 480 BC, Etruria's ally Carthage was defeated by a coalition of Magna Graecia cities led by Syracuse.
The study also concluded that the samples analyzed show that the Etruscans kept their genetic profile unchanged for almost 1000 years, indicating the sparse presence in Etruria of foreigners, and that a demographic change in Etruria occurred only from the Roman imperial period, in which there is the intermixture into the local population of ...
Of several Etruscan leagues, the Dodecapolis (Greek for "twelve cities") of the Etruscan civilization is legendary amongst Roman authors, particularly Livy. [5] However the dodecapolis had no fixed roster and if a city was removed it was immediately replaced by another. [6]
From the late 9th century BC, the human settlement in the Lower Po valley, previously organized in small groups of huts scattered throughout the country and mostly inhabited by Umbrians or other Italics, centers in some major urban areas as Bologna, the main city of Padanian Etruria, and Verucchio, then flourishing settlement in the heart of Romagna, by initiative of the etruscan colonists.
Etruria, aka Tyrrhenia or Tyrsenia, is the land of the Etruscans, a pre-Indo-European people on the Italic peninsula, that was subsumed into the growing Roman Republic.