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The Addis Ababa Agreement's establishment of the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region gave a degree of autonomy to the south. [3] It meant southern Sudan would no longer be divided into the three separate regions Al-Istiwāʾiyyah , Baḥr al-Ghazāl, and Aʿālī al-Nīl . The region would run itself through a separate legislative and executive body.
While South Sudan has not been its own sovereign country for a long time, [12] President Salva Kiir has established rapport with the United States. Then-U.S. President Barack Obama recognized South Sudan the day it declared independence from Sudan, [13] and U.S. President Donald Trump fostered relations with Kiir even before he won the presidency in 2016.
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA, Arabic: اتفاقية السلام الشامل, romanized: Ittifāqiyyah al-salām al-šāmil), also known as the Naivasha Agreement, was an accord signed on 9 January 2005, by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the Government of Sudan. [1]
Representatives of each parties participating in the initiative after the signing of eight protocols. Tumaini Peace Initiative, which was launched on May 9, 2024, in the Kenyan Capital Nairobi, is a high-level mediation for the conflict in South Sudan by incorporating all the holdout groups that have not signed the 2018 R-ARCSS (Revitalised Agreement on Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan).
Sudan was the first country to recognise the independence of South Sudan on 8 July 2011, one day prior to independence. Four other states followed suit on 8 July. Over 25 countries had recognised the country on 9 July, including all permanent members of the United Nations Security Council .
The patron saint of the Sudan is the former slave Saint Josephine Bakhita, canonized in 2000. About 100,000 people or 0.25% of the population belong to various Protestant denominations in northern Sudan. Catholicism is practised by some thousand followers north of Sudan's capital.
The Order of the Two Niles (Arabic: وسام النيلين, romanized: Wisām an-Nīlayni) is a state decoration of Sudan established on 16 November 1961 during Ibrahim Abboud's military government. [1] The Order of the Two Niles – White and Blue Niles – is Sudan's second-highest honour after the Order of the Republic.
The United States established diplomatic relations with Sudan in 1956, following its independence from joint administration by Egypt and the United Kingdom. [5] After the outbreak of the Six-Day War in June 1967, Sudan declared war on Israel and broke diplomatic relations with the U.S. [6] Relations improved after July 1971, when the Sudanese Communist Party attempted to overthrow President ...