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Attempted Mars orbiter/Phobos landers (contact lost) [286] [287] Phobos 2: 12 July 1988 Mars orbiter/attempted Phobos landers (contact lost) [288] [289] Magellan: 4 May 1989 Venus orbiter [290] [291] Galileo: 18 October 1989 Venus flyby, first Asteroid flyby , first Asteroid moon discovery , first Jupiter orbiter, first Jupiter atmospheric probe
First auroral research rocket launched into the ionosphere. Norway: Ferdinand 1: November 1962: First Mars flyby (11,000 km) but contact was lost. USSR Mars 1: 14 December 1962: First planetary flyby with data returned . First successful planetary science mission. USA (NASA) Mariner 2 [14] 16 June 1963: First woman in space (Valentina ...
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...
First lander to impact Mars. Deployed from Mars 2, failed to land during attempt on 27 November 1971. [7] PrOP-M: Rover Failure Lost with Mars 2: First rover launched to Mars. Lost when the Mars 2 lander crashed into the surface of Mars. 16 Mars 3: Mars 3 (4M No.172) 28 May 1971 Soviet Union: Orbiter Successful
Mars 1962A was a Mars flyby mission, launched on October 24, 1962, and Mars 1962B an intended first Mars lander mission, launched in late December of the same year (1962). Both failed from either breaking up as they were going into Earth orbit or having the upper stage explode in orbit during the burn to put the spacecraft into trans-Mars ...
Mariner 3 was launched on November 5, 1964, but the shroud encasing the spacecraft atop its rocket failed to open properly and Mariner 3 did not get to Mars. [ 1 ] Mariner 4, launched on November 28, 1964, was the first successful flyby of the planet Mars and gave the first glimpse of Mars at close range. [ 18 ]
Eventually, new moons were discovered also around Uranus starting in 1787 by Herschel, [23] around Neptune starting in 1846 by William Lassell [24] and around Mars in 1877 by Asaph Hall. [ 25 ] Further apparent discrepancies in the orbits of the outer planets led Percival Lowell to conclude that yet another planet, " Planet X ", must lie beyond ...
In July 2020, China launched Tianwen-1, which included an orbiter, a lander, and a rover, on a Long March 5 rocket to Mars. Tianwen-1 was inserted into Mars orbit on 10 February 2021, followed by a successful landing and deployment of the Zhurong rover on 14 May 2021, making China the second country in the world which successfully soft-landed a ...