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Pathophysiology of factor V Leiden gene mutation. Factor V Leiden is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that exhibits incomplete penetrance, i.e. not every person who has the mutation develops the disease. The condition results in a factor V variant that cannot be as easily degraded by activated protein C.
Heterozygous factor V Leiden is present in approximately 5% of the white population in the United States and homozygous factor V Leiden is found less than 1% of this population. [27] Factor V Leiden is much more common in individuals of Northern European descent and in some Middle Eastern populations.
Behind non-O blood type [7] and factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A is one of the most common genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism. [4] Increased production of prothrombin heightens the risk of blood clotting. Moreover, individuals who carry the mutation can pass it on to their offspring. [8]
The minor ("type 2") thrombophilias are much more common. Factor V Leiden is present in 5% of the population of Northern European descent, but much rarer in those of Asian or African extraction. In people with thrombosis, 10% have factor V Leiden. In those who are referred for thrombophilia testing, 30–50% have the defect.
Hypercoagulability in pregnancy is the propensity of pregnant women to develop thrombosis (blood clots). Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent post partum bleeding. [1]
An analysis of 2024 Google search data revealed the top health questions asked by Americans. A registered nurse provides answers to the seven most common inquiries.
However, people with homozygous factor V Leiden, and people with heterozygous factor V Leiden who have an additional thrombophilic condition (e.g., antithrombin deficiency, protein C deficiency, or protein S deficiency), should be considered for lifelong oral anticoagulation therapy. [17]
One drink is defined as 1.5 ounces of liquor, 12 ounces of beer or 5 ounces of wine. Taub-Dix points out that alcoholic cocktails are often made with ingredients like mixers, syrups and juice drinks.