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A sequestrum (plural: sequestra) is a piece of dead bone [1] that has become separated during the process of necrosis from normal or sound bone. It is a complication (sequela) of osteomyelitis. The pathological process is as follows: infection in the bone leads to an increase in intramedullary pressure due to inflammatory exudates
Avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is death of bone tissue due to interruption of the blood supply. [1] Early on, there may be no symptoms. [1] Gradually joint pain may develop, which may limit the person's ability to move. [1] Complications may include collapse of the bone or nearby joint surface. [1]
Thermal effects (extremely high or low temperature) can often result in necrosis due to the disruption of cells, especially in bone cells. [16] Necrosis can also result from chemical trauma, with alkaline and acidic compounds causing liquefactive and coagulative necrosis, respectively, in affected tissues. The severity of such cases varies ...
In a long bone it is a thin disc of hyaline cartilage that is positioned transversely between the epiphysis and metaphysis. In the long bones of humans, the epiphyseal plate disappears by twenty years of age. physis, "the growth part" metaphysis: The region of a long bone lying between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
Specifically, the hip bone is dissected into three segments which are the sacroiliac segment, ischiopubic segment and acetabular segment. [12] Any changes in the shape of the sciatic notch of the sacroiliac segment indicate the sex and the sexual maturation of the skeleton. [12] Females have a larger sciatic notch. [13]
The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites. [1] In a thoracic segment, for example, the tergum may be divided into an anterior notum and a posterior scutellum.
It contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses. The metaphysis contains a diverse population of cells including mesenchymal stem cells , which give rise to bone and fat cells, as well as hematopoietic stem cells which give rise to a variety of ...
Including the bones of the middle ear and the hyoid bone, the head contains 29 bones. Cranial bones (8) Occipital bone; Parietal bones (2) Frontal bone; Temporal bones (2) Sphenoid bone (sometimes counted as facial) Ethmoid bone (sometimes counted as facial) Facial bones (15) Nasal bones (2) Maxilla (upper jaw) (2) Lacrimal bone (2) Zygomatic ...