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A street in SoHo in New York City famous for its cast-iron facades. Spa Colonnade in Mariánské Lázně, 1889.Nearly every element is cast iron. Cast-iron architecture is the use of cast iron in buildings and objects, ranging from bridges and markets to warehouses, balconies and fences.
Cast iron is a brittle form of iron which is weaker in tension than in compression. It has a relatively low melting point, good fluidity, castability, excellent machinability and wear resistance. Though almost entirely replaced by steel in building structures, cast irons have become an engineering material with a wide range of applications ...
Homersfield Bridge, England, cast iron reinforced, constructed 1869-1870 Bridge across the moat at Château de Chazelet, constructed 1875. Axmouth bridge, constructed 1877. Unreinforced concrete has been used in bridge construction since antiquity: the Romans incorporated concrete cores into a number of their masonry bridges and aqueducts ...
The bridge was designed by the Berlin architect Benedict Tonon. It consists of three sections, each 25 metres long. The central arch, of riveted cast iron, is salvaged from the Marschallbrücke, which was rebuilt in the 1990s. The concrete piers are clad in Berlin's traditional yellow clinker brick.
Until the advent of concrete and the use of cast iron and then steel, bridges were made of masonry. Roman bridges were sturdy, semicircular, and rested on thick piers, with a width equal to about half the span of the vault. [2] It was only from 1750, with Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, that the thickness of the piers could be reduced. While it was ...
Copper belfry of St. Laurentius church, Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler Metals used for architectural purposes include lead, for water pipes, roofing, and windows; tin, formed into tinplate; zinc, copper and aluminium, in a range of applications including roofing and decoration; and iron, which has structural and other uses in the form of cast iron or wrought iron, or made into steel.
In 1875, the first iron-reinforced concrete bridge ever built was constructed at the Castle of Chazelet. Monier was the designer. The important point of Monier's idea was that it combined steel and concrete in such a way that the best qualities of each material were brought into play. Concrete is easily procured and shaped.
Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and structural analysis. Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, such as the beams and columns of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a ...