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Waterless urinals can save between 15,000 and 45,000 US gallons (57,000 and 170,000 L) of water per urinal per year, depending on the amount of water used in the water-flushed urinal for comparison purposes, and the number of uses per day. For example, these numbers assume that the urinal would be used between 40 and 120 times per business day. [4]
Recurring expenditure costs are between US$1.5 and $4 per person per year for a traditional pit latrine, and up to three times higher for a pour flush pit latrine (without the costs of emptying). [5] As of 2013 pit latrines are used by an estimated 1.77 billion people, mostly in developing countries. [6]
Accessible female and male public washrooms on the Boise River Greenbelt in Idaho, US, featuring public art A public toilet at a park in Viiskulma, Helsinki, Finland. A public toilet, restroom, bathroom or washroom is a room or small building with toilets (or urinals) and sinks for use by the general public.
[4] As of 2019 an estimated 673 million people practice open defecation, [5]: 74 down from about 892 million people (12 percent of the global population) in 2016. [6] In that year, 76 percent (678 million) of the people practicing open defecation in the world lived in just seven countries. [6]
Under another view, offered by W. Burlette Carter, sex-separation has long been the standard in the U.S. and Great Britain and most of the world where women's well-being was valued. [1] She argues that when people used chamber pots, sex-separation could be achieved by placing the pot in a separated space. In single-use privies and similar ...
Until the 1970s, a few female urinals were available in the United States from different manufacturers, such as the Sanistand by American Standard Companies and "Hygia" by Kohler Co. [66] In the 1980s and 1990s various concepts and prototypes were proposed, although most of them were not developed beyond the design stage. Female urinals have ...
Sewage (or domestic wastewater) consists of wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional and public facilities that exist in the locality. [2]: 10 Sewage is a mixture of water (from the community's water supply), human excreta (feces and urine), used water from bathrooms, food preparation wastes, laundry wastewater, and other waste products of normal living.
Euclidean distance is a standard distance metric used to measure the dissimilarity between two points in a multi-dimensional space. In the context of text data, documents are often represented as high-dimensional vectors, such as TF vectors, and the Euclidean distance can be used to measure the dissimilarity between them.