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The RAIU test is a reliable measurement when using a dedicated probe with a reproducibility of 1 percent and a 95%-least-significant-change of 3 percent. [3] The normal uptake is between 15 and 25 percent, but this may be forced down if, in the meantime, the patient has eaten foods high in iodine, such as dairy products and seafood. [4]
Thyroid scan. A thyroid scan using a radioactive iodine uptake test can be used in viewing the thyroid. [19] A scan using iodine-123 showing a hot nodule, accompanied by a lower than normal TSH, is strong evidence that the nodule is not cancerous, as most hot nodules are benign. [20]
Thyroid scintigraphy, in which the thyroid is imaged with the aid of radioactive iodine (usually iodine-123, which does not harm thyroid cells, or rarely, iodine-131), [31] is performed in the nuclear medicine department of a hospital or clinic. Radioiodine collects in the thyroid gland before being excreted in the urine.
Thyroid hormone uptake (T uptake or T 3 uptake) is a measure of the unbound thyroxine binding globulins in the blood, that is, the TBG that is unsaturated with thyroid hormone. [2] Unsaturated TBG increases with decreased levels of thyroid hormones. It is not directly related to triiodothyronine, despite the name T 3 uptake. [2] Reference ranges:
Thyrotoxicosis factitia (alimentary thyrotoxicosis, exogenous thyrotoxicosis) [1] [2] is a condition of thyrotoxicosis caused by the ingestion [3] of exogenous thyroid hormone. [4] [5] It can be the result of mistaken ingestion of excess drugs, such as levothyroxine [6] and triiodothyronine, [7] or as a symptom of Munchausen syndrome.
A thyroid scan producing images is typically conducted in connection with the uptake test to allow visual examination of the over-functioning gland. [ 11 ] Thyroid scintigraphy is a useful test to characterize (distinguish between causes of) hyperthyroidism, and this entity from thyroiditis.
Iodine-123 (123 I) is a radioactive isotope of iodine used in nuclear medicine imaging, including single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or SPECT/CT exams. The isotope's half-life is 13.2232 hours; [1] the decay by electron capture to tellurium-123 emits gamma radiation with a predominant energy of 159 keV (this is the gamma primarily used for imaging).
A cold nodule is a thyroid nodule that does not produce thyroid hormone. [1] On a radioactive iodine uptake test a cold nodule takes up less radioactive material than the surrounding thyroid tissue. [1] A cold nodule may be malignant or benign. [1] On scintigraphy cold nodules do not show but are easily shown on ultrasound. [2]