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The effect of industrialisation shown by rising income levels in the 19th century, including gross national product at purchasing power parity per capita between 1750 and 1900 in 1990 U.S. dollars for the First World, including Western Europe, United States, Canada and Japan, and Third World nations of Europe, Southern Asia, Africa, and Latin America [1] The effect of industrialisation is also ...
J.P. Naik, member-secretary of the Indian Education Commission, commented on the educational policies of the time: [10] The main justification for the larger outlay on educational reconstruction is the hypothesis that education is the most important single factor that leads to economic growth [based on] the development of science and technology.
Hence while the Industrial Revolution raised GDP per capita, it was only a century later before a substantial raise in standard of living. [ 117 ] However, responding to the work of Bairoch, Pomeranz, Parthasarathi and others, more subsequent research has found that parts of 18th century Western Europe did have higher wages and levels of per ...
The Industrial Revolution led to a population increase, but the chances of surviving childhood did not improve throughout the Industrial Revolution, although infant mortality rates were reduced markedly. [109] [166] There was still limited opportunity for education, and children were expected to work. Employers could pay a child less than an ...
Before the Industrial Revolution, and the subsequent explosion of technology, almost all societies believed in a cyclical theory of social movement and, indeed, of all history and the universe. This was, obviously, based on the cyclicity of the seasons, and an agricultural economy's and society's strong ties to that cyclicity.
The Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on economic and social life, marking the transition from agrarian to industrial societies. In modern history, beginning at the end of the 18th century, the Industrial Revolution transformed economies by introducing more efficient modes of production.
The Industrial revolution played a central role in the later abolition of slavery, partly because domestic manufacturing's new economic dominance undercut interests in the slave trade. [10] Additionally, the new industrial methods required a complex division of labor with less worker supervision, which may have been incompatible with forced labor.
The Industrial Revolution was the major technological, socioeconomic, and cultural change in late 18th and early 19th century that began in Britain and spread throughout the world. During that time, an economy based on manual labour was replaced by one dominated by industry and the manufacture of machinery .