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2. Unit fraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_fraction

   Slices of approximately 1/8 of a pizza. A unit fraction is a positive fraction with one as its numerator, 1/ n.It is the multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the denominator of the fraction, which must be a positive natural number.

3. Cross-multiplication - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-multiplication

   Cross-multiplication. In mathematics, specifically in elementary arithmetic and elementary algebra, given an equation between two fractions or rational expressions, one can cross-multiply to simplify the equation or determine the value of a variable. The method is also occasionally known as the "cross your heart" method because lines resembling ...

4. Ancient Egyptian mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_mathematics

   An interesting feature of ancient Egyptian mathematics is the use of unit fractions. [7] The Egyptians used some special notation for fractions such as ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠, ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ and ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠ and in some texts for ⁠ 3 / 4 ⁠, but other fractions were all written as unit fractions of the form ⁠ 1 / n ⁠ or sums of such unit ...

5. Farey sequence - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farey_sequence

   In mathematics, the Farey sequence of order n is the sequence of completely reduced fractions, either between 0 and 1, or without this restriction, [a] which when in lowest terms have denominators less than or equal to n, arranged in order of increasing size. With the restricted definition, each Farey sequence starts with the value 0, denoted ...

6. Plimpton 322 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plimpton_322

   In the reciprocal-pair proposal, the starting point is a single regular sexagesimal fraction x along with its reciprocal, 1/x. "Regular sexagesimal fraction" means that x is a product of (possibly negative) powers of 2, 3, and 5. The quantities (x−1/x)/2, 1, and (x+1/x)/2 then form what would now be called a rational Pythagorean triple ...

7. Proportion (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportion_(mathematics)

   Proportion (mathematics) A proportion is a mathematical statement expressing equality of two ratios. [1][2] a and d are called extremes, b and c are called means. Proportion can be written as , where ratios are expressed as fractions. Such a proportion is known as geometrical proportion, [3] not to be confused with arithmetical proportion and ...

8. Fraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

   A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or ⁠ ⁠, where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator (b) cannot be zero. Examples include ⁠ 1 2 ⁠, − ⁠ 8 5 ⁠, ⁠ −8 5 ⁠, and ⁠ 8 −5 ⁠.

9. Ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio

   Ratio. In mathematics, a ratio (/ ˈreɪʃ (i) oʊ /) shows how many times one number contains another. For example, if there are eight oranges and six lemons in a bowl of fruit, then the ratio of oranges to lemons is eight to six (that is, 8:6, which is equivalent to the ratio 4:3). Similarly, the ratio of lemons to oranges is 6:8 (or 3:4) and ...