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Chemical kinetics. Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate.
Rate equation. In chemistry, the rate equation (also known as the rate law or empirical differential rate equation) is an empirical differential mathematical expression for the reaction rate of a given reaction in terms of concentrations of chemical species and constant parameters (normally rate coefficients and partial orders of reaction) only ...
Reaction progress kinetic analysis. In chemistry, reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) is a subset of a broad range of kinetic techniques utilized to determine the rate laws of chemical reactions and to aid in elucidation of reaction mechanisms. While the concepts guiding reaction progress kinetic analysis are not new, the process was ...
In biochemistry, Michaelis–Menten kinetics, named after Leonor Michaelis and Maud Menten, is the simplest case of enzyme kinetics, applied to enzyme-catalysed reactions of one substrate and one product. It takes the form of a differential equation describing the reaction rate (rate of formation of product P, with concentration ) to , the ...
The bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) is a type of reaction mechanism that is common in organic chemistry. In the S N 2 reaction, a strong nucleophile forms a new bond to an sp 3 -hybridised carbon atom via a backside attack, all while the leaving group detaches from the reaction center in a concerted (i.e. simultaneous) fashion.
In chemical kinetics, a reaction rate constant or reaction rate coefficient ( ) is a proportionality constant which quantifies the rate and direction of a chemical reaction by relating it with the concentration of reactants. [1] For a reaction between reactants A and B to form a product C, a A + b B → c C. where.
The second step with OH − is much faster, so the overall rate is independent of the concentration of OH −. In contrast, the alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide (CH 3 Br) is a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S N 2) reaction in a single bimolecular step. Its rate law is second-order: r = k[R−Br][OH −].
In chemistry, molecularity is the number of molecules that come together to react in an elementary (single-step) reaction [1] and is equal to the sum of stoichiometric coefficients of reactants in the elementary reaction with effective collision (sufficient energy) and correct orientation. [2] Depending on how many molecules come together, a ...