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Subsequently, the agreements for work councils were codified in the Works Constitution Act, passed on 11 October 1952 in West Germany. Trade unions in Germany wanted much more, [4] including the formalisation of works council members as union representatives, and the expansion of the Coal Co-Determination Act [] in all industries.
Childcare, also known as day care, is the care and supervision of one or more children, typically ranging from two weeks to 18 years old.Although most parents spend a significant amount of time caring for their child(ren), childcare typically refers to the care provided by caregivers who are not the child's parents.
In east Germany, however, it witnesses one of the highest female labor participation rate among European countries. As high as 85 per cent of adult women, including those with young kids, participate in labor market. For working mothers, there are several informal child care arrangements they could have.
These subsidies aid low-income families with children under age 13 in paying for child care so that parents can work or participate in training or education activities. Parents typically receive subsidies in the form of vouchers that they can use with a provider (e.g. relative, neighbor, child care center, or after-school program.) [8]
If a father or mother reduces work by the hour after birth, this part-time employment relationship may not exceed 30 hours per week, otherwise the entitlement to parental allowance lapses. For part-time employees, the income from part-time work is taken into account.
The first is through labour court. The second is through an internal conciliation committee, which is not open to the public. In the case of enforceable co-determination matters, if the employer and works council cannot agree, the conciliation committee can award a legally binding works agreement according to §87(2) of the Works Constitution Act.
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Corporate child care is a specific form of child care sponsored or managed by an employer. [1] It may be a perk or a part of the corporate social responsibility policy of the company. It can provide the working parents with an opportunity to find work–life balance .