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But bronchial circulation supplies fully oxygenated arterial blood to the lung tissues themselves. This blood supplies the bronchi and the pleurae to meet their nutritional requirements. [citation needed] Because of the dual blood supply to the lungs from both the bronchial and the pulmonary circulation, this tissue is more resistant to infarction.
The amount of fluid in the lungs is governed by multiple forces and is ... the degree of lung water, ... to sustain an adequate blood pressure to the lungs.
A rise in the arterial partial pressure of CO 2 and, to a lesser extent, a fall in the arterial partial pressure of O 2, will reflexly cause deeper and faster breathing until the blood gas tensions in the lungs, and therefore the arterial blood, return to normal. The converse happens when the carbon dioxide tension falls, or, again to a lesser ...
Air in the alveoli of the lungs is diluted by saturated water vapour (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2), a metabolic product given off by the blood, and contains less oxygen (O 2) than atmospheric air as some of it is taken up by the blood for metabolic use. The resulting partial pressure of nitrogen is about 0.758 bar.
The pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns the oxygenated blood to the heart to supply the rest of the body. [32] The blood volume of the lungs is about 450 millilitres on average, about 9% of the total blood volume of the entire circulatory system.
The bronchial arteries and their supply of nutrients to the lungs are also attributed to the observation that an occluded (either ligated or by an embolus) pulmonal artery very rarely results in lung infarction. [9] The bronchial arteries can maintain a supply of oxygenated blood to lung tissue.
Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left part of the heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. [3] [6] This blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. [3] [6] From the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta.
The ideal V/Q ratio is 1, the most efficient state of pulmonary function when the amount of oxygen entering the lungs equals the amount of oxygen delivered to the body. Furthermore, adequate achievement of ventilation and perfusion matching is essential as it ensures the continuous supply of oxygen and withdrawal of waste products from the body.