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A blue circle, the symbol for diabetes. High blood sugar levels, autoantibodies targeting insulin-producing cells. Type 1 diabetes ( T1D ), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. [ 5] Insulin is a hormone required for the cells ...
History of diabetes. Frederick Banting (right) joined by Charles Best in office, 1924. The condition known today as diabetes (usually referring to diabetes mellitus) is thought to have been described in the Ebers Papyrus ( c. 1550 BC ). Ayurvedic physicians (5th/6th century BC) first noted the sweet taste of diabetic urine, and called the ...
4.2 million (2019) [ 9] Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [ 10][ 11] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [ 12]
392 million (2015) [ 11] Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [ 6] Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and unexplained weight loss. [ 3]
Ball-and-stick model of a glucose molecule. Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, the common name for glucose dissolved in blood plasma, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. The regulation of glucose levels through Homeostasis. This tight regulation is referred to as glucose homeostasis.
A glucose meter, also referred to as a " glucometer ", [ 1] is a medical device for determining the approximate concentration of glucose in the blood. It can also be a strip of glucose paper dipped into a substance and measured to the glucose chart. It is a key element of glucose testing, including home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) performed ...
The glucose tolerance test (GTT, not to be confused with GGT test) is a medical test in which glucose is given and blood samples taken afterward to determine how quickly it is cleared from the blood. [ 1] The test is usually used to test for diabetes, insulin resistance, impaired beta cell function, [ 2] and sometimes reactive hypoglycemia and ...
The term double diabetes refers to when somebody has type 1 diabetes and clinical features for insulin resistance or family history of type 2 diabetes. It is also called mixed-type diabetes or hybrid diabetes. Many but not all people with double diabetes are obese or overweight.