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  2. Mole (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_(unit)

    The mole is widely used in chemistry as a convenient way to express amounts of reactants and amounts of products of chemical reactions. For example, the chemical equation 2 H 2 + O 2 → 2 H 2 O can be interpreted to mean that for each 2 mol molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and 1 mol molecular oxygen (O 2 ) that react, 2 mol of water (H 2 O) form.

  3. Molar volume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_volume

    Change in volume with increasing ethanol fraction. The molar volume of a substance i is defined as its molar mass divided by its density ρ i 0: , = For an ideal mixture containing N components, the molar volume of the mixture is the weighted sum of the molar volumes of its individual components.

  4. Amount of substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amount_of_substance

    Historically, the mole was defined as the amount of substance in 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope.As a consequence, the mass of one mole of a chemical compound, in grams, is numerically equal (for all practical purposes) to the mass of one molecule or formula unit of the compound, in daltons, and the molar mass of an isotope in grams per mole is approximately equal to the mass number ...

  5. ISO 31-8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_31-8

    The mole is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of 12 C. When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specific groups of such particles.

  6. Molar concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_concentration

    Molar concentration or molarity is most commonly expressed in units of moles of solute per litre of solution. [1] For use in broader applications, it is defined as amount of substance of solute per unit volume of solution, or per unit volume available to the species, represented by lowercase c {\displaystyle c} : [ 2 ]

  7. Mole fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_fraction

    In chemistry, the mole fraction or molar fraction, also called mole proportion or molar proportion, is a quantity defined as the ratio between the amount of a constituent substance, n i (expressed in unit of moles, symbol mol), and the total amount of all constituents in a mixture, n tot (also expressed in moles): [1]

  8. Orders of magnitude (molar concentration) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(molar...

    List of orders of magnitude for molar concentration; Factor (Molarity) SI prefix Value Item 10 −24: yM 1.66 yM: 1 elementary entity per litre [1]: 8.5 yM: airborne bacteria in the upper troposphere (5100/m 3) [2]

  9. Graham's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham's_law

    (volume or number of moles per unit time). Rate 2 is the rate of effusion for the second gas. M 1 is the molar mass of gas 1 M 2 is the molar mass of gas 2. Graham's law states that the rate of diffusion or of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight.

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