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Governance is a broader concept than government and also includes the roles played by the community sector and the private sector in managing and planning countries, regions and cities. [1] Collaborative governance involves the government , community and private sectors communicating with each other and working together to achieve more than any ...
Whole-of-Government Approach (“WGA”) refers to the joint activities performed by diverse ministries, public administrations and public agencies in order to provide a common solution to particular problems or issues, and involve some form of cross-boundary work and restructuring.
Paradiplomacy may be performed both in support of and in complementarity to the central state conducted diplomacy, or come in conflict or compete with it.In 1990, Ivo Duchacek pointed out a distinction between different types of paradiplomatic engagements: a) cross-border regional paradiplomacy, b) transregional paradiplomacy and c) global paradiplomacy, to describe: a) contacts between non ...
The State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia, Dutch: Het Staatsblad van Indonesië) is the official government gazette of the Government of Indonesia. In issuing laws and regulations, the State Gazette acts as a reference for publication of all forms of announcements, orders, and regulations.
In international relations, multilateralism refers to an alliance of multiple countries pursuing a common goal. Multilateralism is based on the principles of inclusivity, equality, and cooperation, and aims to foster a more peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. [1]
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually law-making, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinguishable and articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each. [1]