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A magnetic compass is a simple instrument when the compass is not moving and is on the earth. A magnetic compass installed in an aircraft is subject to compass turning errors during flight. Pilots must compensate for such errors when using the magnetic compass. Most of the errors inherent in the heading indications of a magnetic compass are ...
3 - Magnetic north, which differs from true north by the magnetic variation. 4 - Compass north, including a two-part error; the magnetic variation (6) and the ship's own magnetic field (5) 5 - Magnetic deviation, caused by vessel's magnetic field. 6 - Magnetic variation, caused by variations in Earth's magnetic field.
While the ADF shows relative angle of the transmitter with respect to the aircraft, an RMI display incorporates a compass card, actuated by the aircraft's compass system, and permits the operator to read the magnetic bearing to or from the transmitting station, without resorting to arithmetic. Most RMI's incorporate two direction needles.
Flux valve of a type of fluxgate compass used on airplanes. [1] The current in each of the three pickup coils changes with the heading of the aircraft. [1] To avoid inaccuracies created by the vertical component of the field, the fluxgate array must be kept as flat as possible by mounting it on gimbals or using a fluid suspension system.
The compass shows the aircraft's heading relative to magnetic north. Errors include Variation , or the difference between magnetic and true direction, and Deviation, caused by the electrical wiring in the aircraft, which requires a Compass Correction Card. Additionally, the compass is subject to Dip Errors.
A "GNSS compass" uses a pair of antennas separated by about 50 cm to detect the phase difference in the carrier signal from a particular GNSS satellite. [8] Given the positions of the satellite, the position of the antenna, and the phase difference, the orientation of the two antennas can be computed.
An attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) consists of sensors on three axes that provide attitude information for aircraft, including roll, pitch, and yaw. These are sometimes referred to as MARG (Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity) [ 1 ] sensors and consist of either solid-state or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes ...
A magnetic slaving transmitter in a remote indicating compass detects the magnetic field of the Earth via a fluxgate magnetometer. A slaving control and compensator unit evaluates the data from the slaving transmitter and corrects the heading in HSI when the "slave gyro" mode is enabled.