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Policy change will thus be punctuated by changes in these conditions, especially in party control of government, or changes in public opinion. As a result, policy is characterized by long periods of stability, punctuated by large—though less frequent—changes due to large shifts in society or government. This has been particularly evident in ...
In evolutionary biology, punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory that proposes that once a species appears in the fossil record, the population will become stable, showing little evolutionary change for most of its geological history. [1] This state of little or no morphological change is called stasis.
In political science, research on incrementalism has largely been incorporated into the study of Punctuated equilibrium in social theory, which views policy change as periods of incremental improvement punctuated by major policy shifts. [citation needed]
According to Gould, punctuated equilibrium revised a key pillar "in the central logic of Darwinian theory." [17] Some evolutionary biologists have argued that while punctuated equilibrium was "of great interest to biology generally," [42] it merely modified neo-Darwinism in a manner that was fully compatible with what had been known before. [43]
Punctuated equilibrium [ edit ] In the 1980s, the American palaeontologists Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge argued for an extended synthesis based on their idea of punctuated equilibrium , the role of species selection shaping large scale evolutionary patterns and natural selection working on multiple levels extending from genes to species.
Punctuated equilibrium, path dependence, and institutions Paul A. David and W. Brian Arthur , two economists, introduced and elaborated the concept of path dependence , the idea that past events and decisions affect present options and that some outcomes can persist due to the operation of a self-reinforcing feedback loop. [ 31 ]
Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould proposed punctuated equilibria in 1972. Punctuated equilibrium is a refinement to evolutionary theory. It describes patterns of descent taking place in "fits and starts" separated by long periods of stability. Eldredge went on to develop a hierarchical vision of evolutionary and ecological systems. Around this ...
This listing of 118 journals in political science identifies the journals' field(s) of specialization, requirements for submitting manuscripts, procedures for reviewing manuscripts, and rates of manuscript submission and acceptance.