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Like other anticholinergics, solifenacin is an ester of a carboxylic acid containing (at least) an aromatic ring with an alcohol containing a nitrogen atom. While in the prototype anticholinergic atropine the bicyclic ring is tropane, solifenacin replaces it with quinuclidine.
Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...
Same uses as atropine [5] Motion sickness [5] as atropine [5] sedation [5] CD [5] Scopace, Transderm-Scop, Maldemar, Buscopan Solifenacin: overactive bladder (OAB) Urgency (urge incontinence) Competitive antagonist Vesicare Tropicamide: NS: produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostics [5] may cause ocular hypertension [5] Short acting, CD ...
Organophosphate based nerve agent poisoning, such as VX, sarin, tabun, and soman (atropine is favoured in conjunction with an oxime, usually pralidoxime) [6] [7] Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects (decreasing saliva production), and most produce some level of sedation, both being advantageous in surgical procedures.
Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. [1] Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae .
Biperiden is also commonly used to improve acute extrapyramidal side effects related to antipsychotic drug therapy, such as akathisia. It relieves muscle rigidity , reduces abnormal sweating related with clozapine and methadone use [ 9 ] [ 10 ] and salivation , improves abnormal gait , and to lesser extent, tremor .
EA-3834 is a potent anticholinergic deliriant drug with a fairly long duration of action, related to the chemical warfare agent 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB). It was developed under contract to Edgewood Arsenal during the 1960s as part of the US military chemical weapons program, during research to improve upon the properties of earlier agents such as QNB.
Antimuscarinic agents (also known as muscarinic antagonists), including atropine and hyoscine, block acetylcholine at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Antinicotinic agents (also known as ganglionic blockers , neuromuscular blockers ), including tubocurarine and hexamethonium , block acetylcholine action at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.