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In anatomy, the atlas (C1) is the most superior (first) cervical vertebra of the spine and is located in the neck.. The bone is named for Atlas of Greek mythology, just as Atlas bore the weight of the heavens, the first cervical vertebra supports the head. [1]
In anatomy, the axis (from Latin axis, "axle") is the second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine, immediately inferior to the atlas, upon which the head rests. The spinal cord passes through the axis. The defining feature of the axis is its strong bony protrusion known as the dens, which rises from the superior aspect of the bone.
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 563 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) ^ Casale, Jarett; Geiger, Zachary (2022), "Anatomy, Head and Neck, Posterior Neck Triangle" , StatPearls , Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 30725974 , retrieved 2023-01-19
The intervertebral foramen (also neural foramen) (often abbreviated as IV foramen or IVF) is an opening between (the intervertebral notches of [1]) two pedicles (one above and one below) of adjacent vertebra in the articulated spine. [2]: 424, 425 Each intervertebral foramen gives passage to a spinal nerve and spinal blood vessels, and lodges a ...
However, the cervical spine is comparatively mobile, and some component of this movement is due to flexion and extension of the vertebral column itself. This movement between the atlas and occipital bone is often referred to as the "yes joint", owing to its nature of being able to move the head in an up-and-down fashion.
The four main divisions of the spinal column, from top to bottom: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. The lateral grey column (lateral column, lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a butterfly); the others being the anterior and posterior grey columns.
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Articular processes [permanent dead link ] - BlueLink Anatomy - University of Michigan Medical School; Atlas image: back_bone28 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Lumbar Vertebral Column, Posterolateral View" Anatomy figure: 02:01-09 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Superior and lateral views of typical ...