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Innocent III, fresco in the Benedictine cloister at Subiaco. In 1198, Lothaire de Segni was elected Pope under the name of Innocent III. He supported the idea that the pope alone possessed full sovereignty (the auctoritas of the Romans), while princes held potestas, a political power granted to them directly by God. According to Innocent III ...
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III in 1210 after he had invaded and taken over lands belonging to the Papal States as well as invading the Kingdom of Sicily that was under the Pope's suzerainty. [46] Alfonso IX of León, King of Leon and Galicia, was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for marrying a near ...
Pope Innocent III (Latin: Innocentius III; 22 February 1161 – 16 July 1216), [1] born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 until his death on 16 July 1216.
The papacy meanwhile, under Innocent III, determined to prevent the continued unification of Sicily and the Holy Roman Empire under one monarch [16] seized the opportunity to extend its influence. Therefore, Innocent III favoured Otto, whose family had always opposed the house of Hohenstaufen. [2]
Emperor Otto IV marched on Rome and commanded Pope Innocent III to annul the Concordat of Worms and to recognise the imperial crown's right to make nominations to all vacant benefices. [35] The church would crusade against the Holy Roman Empire under Frederick II.
Innocent III. Fresco in Sacro Speco Abbey, c. 1219. While the situation in the empire led to division, 37-year-old Lothar of Segni ascended the throne of St. Peter on 22 February 1198 and became Pope Innocent III, whose powerful personality gave the papal office the power to rule at a whole new level.
In 1202, Pope Innocent III, despite wanting to secure papal authority over the Roman Orthodox Church, forbade the crusaders of Western Christendom from committing any atrocious acts against their Christian neighbours. [29] However, this letter, delivered by Peter of Lucedio, may not have reached the army in time. The bulk of the army arrived at ...
Upon Constance's death in 1198, Pope Innocent III succeeded as Frederick's guardian. [14] Frederick's tutor during this period was Cencio, who would become Pope Honorius III. [27] Markward of Annweiler, with the support of Henry's brother, Philip of Swabia, reclaimed the regency for himself and soon after invaded the Kingdom of Sicily.