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Fetal pig brain situated in the cranium. The anatomy of a fetal pig is similar to that of the adult pig in various aspects. Systems that are similar include the nervous, skeletal, respiratory (neglecting the under developed diaphragm), and muscular. Other important body systems have significant differences from the adult pig.
The genitourinary system, or urogenital system, are the sex organs of the reproductive system and the organs of the urinary system. [1] These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, their common embryological origin and the use of common pathways. Because of this, the systems are sometimes imaged together. [2]
The prostate forms from the urogenital sinus and the efferent ducts form from the mesonephric tubules. For this, it is critical that the ducts are exposed to testosterone during embryogenesis . Testosterone binds to and activates androgen receptor , affecting intracellular signals and modifying the expression of numerous genes.
The genital tubercles of an eight-week-old embryo of either sex are identical. They both have a glans area, which will go on to form the clitoral glans (females) or penile glans (males), a urogenital fold and groove, and an anal tubercle. At around ten weeks, the external genitalia are still similar.
A urogenital sinus anomaly is also a rare birth defect in women where the urethra and vagina both open into a common channel. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] A persistent cloaca is a disorder where the rectum , vagina , and urinary tract meet and fuse, creating a cloaca , a single common channel.
The urogenital opening is where bodily waste and reproductive fluids are expelled to the environment outside of the body cavity. In some organisms, including monotremes , [ 2 ] birds and some fish , discharge from the urological , digestive , and reproductive systems empty into a common sac called the cloaca .
A.—Diagram of the primitive urogenital organs in the embryo previous to sexual distinction. * 3. Ureter. * 4. Urinary bladder. * 5. Urachus. * cl. Cloaca. * cp. Elevation which becomes clitoris or penis. * i. Lower part of the intestine. * ls. Fold of integument from which the labia majora or scrotum are formed. * m, m.
Instead, a solid plate, the urethral plate, is formed. The remainder of the phallic portion is for a time tubular, and then, by the absorption of the urogenital membrane, it establishes a communication with the exterior. This opening is for a while the primitive urogenital opening, and it extends forward to the corona glandis.