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Initial treatment options ESC 2024 [2] General 120–129/70–79 BP >140/90: Two from different classes: preferably RAS-inhibitor (ACEI or ARB) with either thiazide diuretic/thiazide-like diuretic or dihydropyridine CCB. ESH 2023 [3] General age <65 General age 65–79 General age ≥80 <130/80 <140 SBP <150 SBP. BP <150/95: Lifestyle changes
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 12 February 2025. Relative weight based on mass and height Medical diagnostic method Body mass index (BMI) Chart showing body mass index (BMI) for a range of heights and weights in both metric and imperial. Colours indicate BMI categories defined by the World Health Organization ; underweight, normal ...
Hypertension is usually treated to achieve a blood pressure of below 140/90 mmHg to 160/100 mmHg. According to one 2003 review, reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34% and of ischaemic heart disease by 21% and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. [1]
Obesity and BMI An obese male with a body mass index of 53 kg/m 2: weight 182 kg (400 lb), height 185 cm (6 ft 1 in). Obesity classification is a ranking of obesity, the medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it has an adverse effect on health. [1]
[1] [2] Thomas visualized the human body shape as an egg or ellipse rather than as the cylinder model that is envisioned in the concept of the BMI. [1] [2] The degree of circularity of an ellipse is quantified by eccentricity, with values between 0 to 1, where 0 is a perfect circle (waist circumference same as height) and 1 is a vertical line. [1]
Treatment selection based on BMI [18] [19] Treatment 25-26.9 27-29.9 30-34.9 35-39.9 ≥40 Lifestyle intervention (diet, physical activity, behavior) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Pharmacotherapy Not appropriate With co-morbidities Yes Yes Yes Surgery Not appropriate Not appropriate Not appropriate With co-morbidities Yes
In people aged under 50 years, more men than women have hypertension, [10] and in ages above 50 years the prevalence of hypertension is the same in men and women. [10] In ages above 65 years, more women than men have hypertension. [7] Hypertension becomes more common with age. [5] Hypertension is common in high, medium, and low-income countries.
Though BMI is often used to help assess for excess weight, it is not a perfect representation of a person's body fat percentage. For example, an individual can have a higher than normal BMI but a normal body fat percentage if they have higher than average muscle mass. This is because excess muscle contributes to a higher weight.