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The Great Depression had particularly strong effects on the Black community in the 1920s and 30s, forcing Black women to reckon with their relationship to the U.S. government. Due to the downturned economy, jobs were scarce and Black men were a huge target of the lay-offs, making up a large population of the unemployed during the Depression.
It describes labor, racial and social history in Alabama during the Great Depression, focusing on black communist organizing. [1] In particular Hammer and Hoe describes the way black workers brought existing traditions of resistance to racial oppression to their development of a unique version of Marxism. The book won several prizes and was ...
During the Great Depression, the population stagnated. [6] The Black population growth was at the lowest rate since 1910. [20] As the US entry into World War II disrupted the labor market by drafting numbers of young men, the demand for labor grew with the expansion of the war industries.
Some historians believe that there were two Great Migrations, a first Great Migration (1910–40), during which about 1.6 million people moved from mostly rural areas in the South to northern industrial cities, and a Second Great Migration (1940–70), which began after the Great Depression and during it, at least five million people ...
The Dow Jones Industrial Average, 1928–1930. The "Roaring Twenties", the decade following World War I that led to the crash, [4] was a time of wealth and excess.Building on post-war optimism, rural Americans migrated to the cities in vast numbers throughout the decade with hopes of finding a more prosperous life in the ever-growing expansion of America's industrial sector.
The term "The Great Depression" is most frequently attributed to British economist Lionel Robbins, whose 1934 book The Great Depression is credited with formalizing the phrase, [230] though Hoover is widely credited with popularizing the term, [230] [231] informally referring to the downturn as a depression, with such uses as "Economic ...
The Great Depression hit Black America hard. In 1930, it was reported that 4 out of 5 Black people lived in the South, the average life expectancy for Black people was 15 years less than whites, and the Black infant mortality rate at 12% was double that of whites. [141]
Clark-Lewis earned a BA and MA from Howard University, then a PhD in American Studies from University of Maryland, College Park. [1] [2] Her college thesis on her own family history—her mother and great-aunts had been domestic servants in Washington, and the previous generations had been enslaved—grew into a dissertation on Black women during the Great Migration.