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Epileptic seizure, nightmares. Night terror, also called sleep terror, is a sleep disorder causing feelings of panic or dread and typically occurring during the first hours of stage 3–4 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep [1] and lasting for 1 to 10 minutes. [2] It can last longer, especially in children. [2]
Confusional arousal. A confusional arousal (also known as sleep drunkenness or severe sleep inertia) is medical condition where a person awakened from sleep shows mental confusion for at least several minutes. [1][2] Complete or partial amnesia of the episodes may be present. [2]
Psychiatry. Frequency. c. 4% [1] Nightmare disorder is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated intense nightmares that most often center on threats to physical safety and security. [2] The nightmares usually occur during the REM stage of sleep, and the person who experiences the nightmares typically remembers them well upon waking. [2]
Sleep disorder. A sleep disorder, or somnipathy, is a medical disorder of an individual's sleep patterns. Some sleep disorders are severe enough to interfere with normal physical, mental, social and emotional functioning. Sleep disorders are frequent and can have serious consequences on patients' health and quality of life. [1]
Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism or noctambulism, is a phenomenon of combined sleep and wakefulness. [1] It is classified as a sleep disorder belonging to the parasomnia family. [2] It occurs during the slow wave stage of sleep, in a state of low consciousness, with performance of activities that are usually performed during a state of ...
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be used to manage both cataplexy and the REM sleep-onset symptoms of sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations. [21] In clinical practice, venlafaxine and clomipramine are the most common antidepressants used to treat cataplexy. If the patient wishes to have a sedative effect, then clomipramine is prescribed.
Somniloquy, commonly referred to as sleep-talking, is a parasomnia in which one speaks aloud while asleep. It can range from simple mumbling sounds to loud shouts or long, frequently inarticulate, speeches. It can occur many times during a sleep cycle and during both NREM and REM sleep stages, though, as with sleepwalking and night terrors, it ...
Non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), also known as quiescent sleep, is, collectively, sleep stages 1–3, previously known as stages 1–4. Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) is not included. There are distinct electroencephalographic and other characteristics seen in each stage. Unlike REM sleep, there is usually little or no eye movement during ...