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  2. Bell number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_number

    In combinatorial mathematics, the Bell numbers count the possible partitions of a set. These numbers have been studied by mathematicians since the 19th century, and their roots go back to medieval Japan. In an example of Stigler's law of eponymy, they are named after Eric Temple Bell, who wrote about them in the 1930s.

  3. Ordered Bell number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordered_Bell_number

    The ordered Bell numbers were studied in the 19th century by Arthur Cayleyand William Allen Whitworth. They are named after Eric Temple Bell, who wrote about the Bell numbers, which count the partitions of a set; the ordered Bell numbers count partitions that have been equipped with a total order.

  4. Bell polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_polynomials

    The sum of the subscripts in a monomial is equal to the total number of elements. Thus, the number of monomials that appear in the partial Bell polynomial is equal to the number of ways the integer n can be expressed as a summation of k positive integers. This is the same as the integer partition of n into k parts. For instance, in the above ...

  5. Modular arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic

    Time-keeping on this clock uses arithmetic modulo 12. Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed ...

  6. Pell number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pell_number

    In mathematics, the Pell numbers are an infinite sequence of integers, known since ancient times, that comprise the denominators of the closest rational approximations to the square root of 2. This sequence of approximations begins ⁠ 1 1 ⁠, ⁠ 3 2 ⁠, ⁠ 7 5 ⁠, ⁠ 17 12 ⁠, and ⁠ 41 29 ⁠, so the sequence of Pell numbers begins ...

  7. Bell series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_series

    In mathematics, the Bell series is a formal power series used to study properties of arithmetical functions. Bell series were introduced and developed by Eric Temple Bell. Given an arithmetic function and a prime , define the formal power series , called the Bell series of modulo as: {\displaystyle f_ {p} (x)=\sum _ {n=0}^ {\infty }f (p^ {n})x ...

  8. Modulo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulo

    In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another, called the modulus of the operation. Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n, where a is the dividend and n is the divisor. [1]

  9. Partition of a set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_of_a_set

    The total number of partitions of an n-element set is the Bell number B n. The first several Bell numbers are B 0 = 1, B 1 = 1, B 2 = 2, B 3 = 5, B 4 = 15, B 5 = 52, and B 6 = 203 (sequence A000110 in the OEIS). Bell numbers satisfy the recursion + = = and have the exponential generating function