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The management and superintendence of prisons and all other matters relating to the prisoners are generally regulated under the following laws / rules: Acts (1894 to 2006) The Prisons Act, 1894; The Prisoners' Act, 1900; Lunacy Act, 1912; The Punjab Borstal Act, 1926; Good Conduct Prisoners Probation Release Act, 1926
Since the Pakistan inception, lunacy act was being used . It was not until 1992 that efforts to improve it started . It was through a Presidential order that Mental Health Ordinance 2001 were introduced at an conference at Islamabad. It was hosted by Prof Mubasshar Hussain Malik. [25] 2002. The European Brain Council was founded in Brussels.
The first law to govern mental health in India was the Indian Lunacy Act 1912, [33] which itself drew heavily from the English Lunatics Act 1845. [34] The Indian Psychiatric Society suggested a draft in 1950, however it was only given assent by the President in May 1987, and implemented in 1993 as the Mental Health Act 1987.
In 1859, Agra asylum was also founded by British Government. The Institute of Mental Health and Hospital Agra was established in September 1859, and renamed to Mental Hospital Agra in 1925. Previously it was managed under the provisions of Indian Lunacy Act, 1912. Nowadays it is managed under the provisions of Mental Healthcare Act 2017.
The focus of the act was more on detention than on treatment and with advances in treatment, especially the introduction of psychotropic medication, updated legislation was needed but it was not until 2001 that the Lunacy Act of 1912 was replaced by the Mental Health Ordinance of 2001. [41]
In India, the Mental Health Act was passed on 22 May 1987. The law was described in its opening paragraph as "An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the treatment and care of mentally ill persons, to make better provision with respect to their property and affairs and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto."
[11] The new act repealed the Idiots Act 1886 and followed the recommendations of the Royal Commission on the Care and Control of the Feeble-Minded. It established the Board of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency to oversee the implementation of provisions for the care and management of four classes of people, a) Idiots.
These include convictions for various offenses, such as bribery, corruption, moral turpitude, and involvement in activities prejudicial to the integrity and sovereignty of Pakistan. The article also disqualifies individuals who have defaulted on government loans or have been declared insolvent, among other things.