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The year 540 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire , it was known as year 214 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 540 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
540 BC—Cyrus attacks Babylonia. 540 BC—Greek city of Elea of southern Italy founded (approximate date). 540 BC—Persians conquer Lycian city of Xanthos now in southern Turkey (approximate date). c. 540 BC—Amasis Painter makes Dionysos with maenads, black-figure decoration on an amphora. It is now at Bibliotheque Nationale de France, Paris.
The Phoenicians had planted trading posts in Africa, Sicily, Sardinia and Iberia during the 9th and 8th centuries BC while creating their trading monopoly. The Phoenicians were among the first peoples, if not the first, to begin trading around the Mediterranean on a wide scale after the period of economic decline that had accompanied the end of the Mediterranean Bronze Age.
1000 BC: Athapaskan-speaking natives arrive in Alaska and northwestern North America, possibly from Siberia. 1000 BC: Pottery making widespread in the Eastern Woodlands. 1000 BC–100 AD: Adena culture takes form in the Ohio River valley, carving fine stone pipes placed with their dead in gigantic burial mounds. [1] See Prehistory of Ohio.
The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...
By the year 540 BC, Cyrus captured Elam and its capital, Susa. [66] The Nabonidus Chronicle records that, prior to the battle(s), the king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, Nabonidus, had ordered cult statues from outlying Babylonian cities to be brought into the capital, suggesting that the conflict had begun possibly in the winter of 540 BC. [67]
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300 B.C. – Maize first grown in Eastern North America. 100 B.C. – A.D. 400 – The Hopewell tradition flourishes. 600 – Emergence of Mississippian culture. 700 – Use of the bow and arrow becomes widespread among peoples of Eastern North America. 1000 – Leif Ericson explores the east coast of North America. [1]